Stretching & Flexibility
Overview
Flexibility work is essential throughout ACL recovery stretching. Early on, the priority is restoring range of motion—especially full extension. Later, maintaining flexibility in surrounding muscles (quads, hamstrings, hip flexors, IT band) supports proper movement patterns and reduces compensation injuries. For a comprehensive overview of when and how to stretch at each recovery stage, see our complete ACL stretching guide.
ROM Priority Order
- Full extension (Week 0-2): Most critical—must achieve 0° or slight hyperextension
- Flexion to 90° (Week 2-4): Needed for sitting, basic function
- Full flexion (Week 4-8): Heel to buttock goal
Key Benefits
- Restores full knee range of motion
- Prevents muscle tightness from compensation
- Maintains flexibility during reduced activity
- Supports proper gait and movement
- Reduces risk of secondary injuries
Quadriceps Stretches
Prone Quad Stretch (Early)
- Lie face down
- Bend surgical knee, bringing heel toward buttock
- Use strap or towel around ankle to assist if needed
- Gently pull heel closer
- Hold 30-60 seconds
Early rehab: This is often limited initially. Progress as flexion improves.
Standing Quad Stretch
- Stand near wall or chair for balance
- Bend knee, grab ankle behind you
- Keep knees together
- Gently pull heel toward buttock
- Keep torso upright
- Hold 30-60 seconds each leg
Couch Stretch (Advanced)
- Kneel with back foot against wall/couch
- Front foot flat on ground in lunge position
- Keep torso upright, squeeze glute of back leg
- Intense quad and hip flexor stretch
- Hold 60-90 seconds each side
BTB graft note: May be uncomfortable kneeling. Use padding or modify.
Hamstring Stretches
Supine Hamstring Stretch
- Lie on back
- Lift one leg toward ceiling
- Keep knee relatively straight
- Use strap around foot or hold behind thigh
- Pull leg toward you until stretch felt
- Hold 30-60 seconds
Doorway Hamstring Stretch
- Lie in doorway
- Place one leg up against door frame
- Other leg flat through doorway
- Scoot closer to door for more stretch
- Hold 60+ seconds
Advantage: Can relax completely—no holding required.
Standing Hamstring Stretch
- Place heel on low surface (step, chair)
- Keep leg straight
- Hinge at hips, lean forward
- Keep back flat, reach toward toes
- Hold 30-60 seconds
Hip Flexor Stretches
Half-Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch
- Kneel on back knee (use padding)
- Front foot flat, knee at 90°
- Squeeze glute of back leg
- Shift weight forward slightly
- Feel stretch in front of back hip
- Hold 30-60 seconds each side
Key: Squeeze glute to posteriorly tilt pelvis—this intensifies stretch.
Pigeon Pose
- From hands and knees, slide one knee forward
- Extend back leg behind you
- Lower hips toward ground
- Keep hips square
- Hold 60-90 seconds each side
Thomas Stretch (Edge of Table)
- Sit on edge of table or high bed
- Lie back, pulling one knee to chest
- Let other leg hang off edge
- Hanging leg stretches hip flexor
- Hold 60+ seconds each side
IT Band / Lateral Structures
Standing IT Band Stretch
- Cross leg to stretch behind other leg
- Lean away from crossed leg
- Push hip out toward crossed side
- Reach overhead toward opposite side
- Feel stretch along outer thigh/hip
- Hold 30-60 seconds
Supine IT Band Stretch
- Lie on back
- Cross one leg over other
- Use bottom leg to pull top leg down toward floor
- Keep shoulders flat on ground
- Hold 30-60 seconds each side
Calf Stretches
Wall Calf Stretch
- Gastrocnemius: Back leg straight, heel down
- Soleus: Back leg slightly bent, heel down
- Lean into wall until stretch felt
- Hold 30-60 seconds each
Daily Stretching Routine
| Stretch | Duration | Target Area |
|---|---|---|
| Prone/Standing Quad | 30-60 sec each | Quadriceps |
| Supine Hamstring | 30-60 sec each | Hamstrings |
| Half-Kneeling Hip Flexor | 30-60 sec each | Hip Flexors |
| IT Band Stretch | 30-60 sec each | Lateral Thigh |
| Calf Stretches (both) | 30 sec each | Gastrocnemius/Soleus |
Total time: 10-15 minutes
When: After workouts, before bed, or morning
Stretching Guidelines
Do's
- Hold stretches for 30-60 seconds minimum
- Breathe deeply and relax into stretch
- Stretch after warming up or post-workout
- Be consistent—daily is ideal
Don'ts
- Don't bounce (no ballistic stretching early on)
- Don't stretch to the point of pain
- Don't force ROM beyond what's comfortable
- Don't neglect non-surgical leg